The movement of the hard drive's read/write heads over different areas of the disk when accessing fragmented files is slower, compared to accessing the entire contents of a non-fragmented file sequentially without moving the read/write heads to seek other fragments.Īn otherwise blank disk has five files, A through E, each using 10 blocks of space (for this section, a block is an allocation unit of the filesystem the block size is set when the disk is formatted and can be any size supported by the filesystem). Some defragmentation utilities try to keep smaller files within a single directory together, as they are often accessed in sequence.ĭefragmentation is advantageous and relevant to file systems on electromechanical disk drives ( hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disk media). It also attempts to create larger regions of free space using compaction to impede the return of fragmentation. It does this by physically organizing the contents of the mass storage device used to store files into the smallest number of contiguous regions (fragments, extents). In the maintenance of file systems, defragmentation is a process that reduces the degree of fragmentation. Visualization of fragmentation and then of defragmentation
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